Table 2. The applicable intraoperative neuromonitoing tools according to the type of spine procedures

Operation	SSEPs	MEPs(Muscle)	D-wave	EMG	Cord mapping	BCR
Deformity correction (ex. Scoliosis surgery)	++	++	±1)	++2)	–	±3)
Decompression/fixatioin/vertebroplasty	++	++	–	++2)	–	±3)
Tumorectomy (intramedullary)	++	++	++	+4)	+4)	±3)
Tumorectomy (extramedullary)	++	++	+5)	+6)		±3)
Procedures involving S2-4 cord level	++	++	–	+	–	++

D-wave monitoring showed a relatively high false positive rate in the deformity operation cases [24].
The integrity of nerve roots needs to be monitored in both types of operation [29], and in cases of instrumentation (including screw insertion), the triggered EMG can be applied [30].
Consider the BCR monitoring depending on the location of procedures.
The dorsal column mapping can be used when the anatomical localization of myelotomy is not available [34]. The motor mapping which is similar to triggered EMG regarding the basic principle, helps to preserve the function of motor tract [37].
D-wave monitoring could detect the neuronal damage effectively in the cases of spine tumor (intradural extramedullary type)[46].
The procedure could increase the risk of nerve root damage depending on the location of lesions.
SSEP: somatosensory evoked potential; MEP: motor evoked potential; D-wave: direct-wave; EMG: electromyography; BCR: bulbocavernous reflex.